Spinsanity - Suppressing Dissent At Home, Fighting = for Freedom Abroad?

From: Subject: Spinsanity - Suppressing Dissent At Home, Fighting for Freedom Abroad? Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 09:48:23 +1000 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_003E_01C145A7.379D5F80"; type="text/html" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_003E_01C145A7.379D5F80 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.spinsanity.org/columns/20010924.html Spinsanity - Suppressing Dissent At Home, Fighting = for Freedom Abroad? <= /TBODY>

Suppressing Dissent At Home, Fighting for = Freedom=20 Abroad?

By Brendan Nyhan (mailto:ben@spinsanity.org)
Sept= ember=20 24, 2001

As the United States embarks on a campaign against = international=20 terrorism abroad, it is important that we carefully consider what = such a=20 conflict could mean for our freedoms here at home. Wars often give = rise to=20 conditions of secrecy and suppression of dissent that are = antithetical to=20 democracy. While secrecy in particular is necessary to a certain = extent,=20 it is crucially important that we do not let democratic debate be=20 silenced, as some commentary has implicitly encouraged and even, = in one=20 case, directly advocated.

"Moral equivalence" and other attacks on dissent

Though public support for the Bush administration's = anti-terrorism=20 campaign is extremely high, pro-war commentators have been = merciless in=20 their attacks on the few vocal dissenters. The main criticism = offered is=20 that these dissenters express a view of "moral equivalence", which = is=20 allegedly a belief that, as a result of America's previous foreign = policy,=20 we "had it coming". Critics also call this "the cycle of violence" = argument or "blame America first". See, for example, John=20 O'Sullivan, Cal=20 Thomas, Don=20 Feder and the=20 Democratic Leadership Council.

An example of the type of argument that is being criticized is = an=20 article by John Pilger in Britain's New Statesman:

Far from being the terrorists of the world, the = Islamic=20 peoples have been its victims - that is, the victims of American = fundamentalism, whose power, in all its forms, military, = strategic and=20 economic, is the greatest source of terrorism on = earth...

This conflates possible analytical causes of the attack - all=20 speculative and unproven, especially at this point - with moral=20 responsibility. It is legitimate to argue that US policy was a = possible=20 cause of this attack, but it is morally abhorrent to most people = to argue=20 that we therefore deserved this, or that such a murderous = response=20 was somehow inevitable.

However, criticism of arguments like Pilger's is often widely=20 over-generalized by pro-war commentators in order to delegitimize = most or=20 all dissent. Only a few Americans have expressed similar views at = the=20 national level. Moreover, it is not accurate to argue that = everyone who=20 opposes the war holds views that could be described as "blame = America=20 first" or "moral equivalence". Pacifists, for example, oppose = military=20 retaliation as a matter of principle. It cannot be reasonably = inferred=20 that they therefore believe in "moral equivalence".

A common subtext: dissent helps the enemy

Many of these attacks imply that dissent itself is a direct = threat to=20 US interests. Don Feder creates a strawman of pacifist liberals = and calls=20 it a "cult of national suicide". The Democratic Leadership Council = says=20 that "[d]enying the United States the right of self-defense out of = sentiment for peace could be quite literally suicidal." And = Thomas, after=20 comparing "the blame America first crowd" to a military campaign, = says=20 "[t]oo many native-born Americans, and some immigrants" do not = share his=20 views of America - "to their shame and, increasingly, to our = peril".

Such aggressive rhetoric, particularly that used by Feder and = Thomas,=20 can have a chilling effect on free speech by implying that dissent = puts=20 America at risk. Far from it - it is the foundation of our = freedom. If we=20 are to wage a war consistent with our values, it must be based on = a=20 foundation of democratic support that is well-considered.

Andrew Sullivan's "fifth column" and functional reasoning

Among major national pundits, Andrew Sullivan has crossed this = line=20 most clearly. As Ben=20 Fritz and I=20 have documented, he has twice suggested that opponents of the war = will=20 mount a "fifth column", a term which Mirriam-Webster Online defines= as=20 "a group of secret sympathizers or supporters of an enemy that = engage in=20 espionage or sabotage within defense lines or national = borders".

In fact, Sullivan has stated several times that he believes = dissent=20 aids the enemy. Consider part=20 of his disingenuous defense of the term "fifth column", for = example -=20 "I have no reason to believe that even those sharp critics of this = war=20 would actually aid and abet the enemy in any more tangible ways = than=20 they have done already" (emphasis mine). He also approvingly = quoted=20 this George Orwell statement from 1941 on his=20 website: "In so far as it hampers the British war effort, = British=20 pacifism is on the side of the Nazis."

This is completely unfair. It employs what we call "functional=20 reasoning", a tactic which links a political opponent to the cause = of a=20 disfavored leader, country or political figure, whether it be = Saddam=20 Hussein, Russia or Osama bin Laden. There need not be any = indication of=20 intent - the only pretext is that the dissenter supposedly holds = the same=20 opinion of a policy that [insert bad guy here] presumably would. = One can=20 construct such associations almost at will in the complex world of = foreign=20 policy. In this case, the argument simply asserts that a military = campaign=20 is superior by definition - an important point that should be at = least=20 open to debate - and then attempts to heap scorn on its target = using cheap=20 rhetorical tactics.

It's worth noting that Sullivan has openly advocated dishonest=20 rhetorical strategies in the past. In May, he defended the = pervasive=20 dishonesty of the Bush administration on budget and tax issues, = writing in=20 the New Republic that "a = certain=20 amount of B.S. is necessary for any vaguely successful = retrenchment of=20 government power in an insatiable entitlement state". Now, it = appears, a=20 lot of B.S. is needed to suppress even the possibility of anti-war = dissent.

Advocating direct suppression of dissent

In the current atmosphere, regrettably, it is only a short step = from=20 the above commentary to arguments that directly advocate shutting = down=20 debate. So far, this has been rare, but there are troubling = signs.

Most frightening is an = article on the=20 website of David Horowitz's Front Page Magazine that is ominously = titled=20 "America's Enemies Rally at UNC-Chapel Hill". It attacks a = "teach-in" held=20 at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill (UNC). According = to the=20 authors, "[t]he panelists stepped forward with one Anti-American = libel=20 after another" (the primary definition of libel is a civil statute = prohibiting defamatory writing or representation). It was, they = argue, a=20 "shameful example of how state-funded universities are responding = to the=20 deadliest terror attacks in our nation's history." A box at the = end of the=20 article tells readers how they can try to suppress or intimidate = any such=20 future protests - "Tell the good folks at UNC-Chapel Hill what you = think=20 of their decision to allow Anti-American rallies on their = state-supported=20 campus. Chancellor James Moeser can be reached at ..."

Universities are centers of thought and debate in a free = society. Calls=20 to suppress speech on campus are therefore an extremely grave = matter.=20 Surely, Horowitz, who has made a career of railing at perceived=20 left/liberal dominance of academia, would understand this = principle, since=20 he has spent so much time arguing on its behalf. Recently, in = fact, he=20 staged a stunt in which he promoted an ad opposing reparations for = slavery=20 to demonstrate that many campus newspapers would not publish it -=20 evidence, he argued, that conservative views are suppressed on = campus. But=20 this article, on its face, is far worse. Trying to use the power = of the=20 state to suppress speech goes far beyond any independent decisions = made by=20 campus newspapers.

Defending dissent

The principle that dissent is an acceptable and valued part of = our=20 democracy must be constantly defended going forward. Media reports = indicate that the Bush administration plans a long war against=20 international terrorism, with estimates ranging from five to ten = years.=20 This suggests that imperatives of unity could be invoked against = dissent=20 for years to come, especially if public support for the war = declines. No=20 matter what one's political beliefs, it is crucial that we stay = true to=20 our values of open and rational debate during this conflict.

[Email this to a friend] [Subscribe to our email = list]

Related links:
-Andrew=20 Sullivan's "fifth column" rhetoric (Brendan Nyhan, = 9/20)
-Is = Rational=20 Discourse Another Casualty of Tuesday's Attacks? (Ben Fritz,=20 9/17)
-Andrew=20 Sullivan says deceive the public (Brendan Nyhan, 5/7)

This website is copyright (c) 2001 = by Ben=20 Fritz, Bryan Keefer and Brendan Nyhan. Its contents may be = redistributed=20 under the terms of the=20 Open Publication License.

Currently on = Spinsanity

Featured column
Suppressing=20 Dissent At Home, Fighting for Freedom Abroad?

As = the=20 United States embarks on a campaign against international = terrorism=20 abroad, it is crucially important that we do not let = democratic=20 debate be silenced.

In the news
Coulter=20 advocates profiling of Arab "aliens,"=20 deportation

Sweeping statements implicating all = Arabs and=20 Arab Americans for the actions of a small group of=20 terrorists.

Andrew=20 Sullivan's "fifth column" rhetoric

Faced with = criticism,=20 a deceptive non-apology.

Kaminer=20 links attacks, religion and Bush policy

An unfair = parallel between the recent terrorist attacks and one of = President=20 Bush's domestic initiatives.

Mark=20 Steyn casts rhetoric at any who dare oppose = war

Hints at=20 regret that someone who disagrees with Steyn did not die in = the=20 terrorist attacks.

The=20 Taliban aid trope re-emerges

Don't believe the = hype about=20 Bush administration aid to the=20 = Taliban.

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